An air-cooled engine's operating temperature may be affected by which of the following?

The operating temperature of an air-cooled engine is significantly influenced by changes in air temperature. Air-cooled engines rely on the airflow around the engine to dissipate heat. When external temperatures rise, the engine is less efficient at transferring heat away from its components due to the warmer surrounding air, which can lead to increased operating temperatures. Conversely, cooler air temperatures can help the engine maintain lower operating temperatures. Understanding this relationship is essential for ensuring optimal engine performance and preventing overheating.

While engine repairs needed, engine color, and the age of the engine can have some indirect effects on performance and efficiency, they do not directly impact the ability of the engine to cool itself through air circulation in the same way that ambient air temperature does.