What happens to engine speed when the load varies in the presence of a governor?

In an engine equipped with a governor, the primary function is to regulate the engine speed to maintain it at a desired level, regardless of changes in load. When the load on the engine varies, such as when it encounters resistance or requires more power, the governor adjusts the fuel supply or air intake to compensate for these changes. This action stabilizes the engine speed, ensuring that it does not deviate significantly from the set point.

This ability to maintain a consistent speed is critical in many applications where engine performance and efficiency are essential. The governor operates continuously, providing feedback and making adjustments in real-time, which prevents issues such as over-revving or stalling. Therefore, even as the load changes, the engine maintains a steady performance, demonstrating the effectiveness of the governor in regulating speed.