What is the role of counterweights in a mechanical governor?

The role of counterweights in a mechanical governor is to open and close the throttle, ensuring that the engine maintains a consistent speed under varying load conditions. Mechanical governors are designed to automatically adjust the fuel flow to the engine based on the speed of the shaft.

When the engine speed increases, the centrifugal force acts on the counterweights, causing them to swing outward. This movement is linked to the throttle mechanism, which in turn reduces the amount of fuel entering the engine, slowing it down to the desired operating speed. Conversely, if the engine speed decreases, the counterweights return to their original position, allowing more fuel into the engine and increasing speed.

This precise regulation of the throttle by the counterweights ensures efficient engine performance and stability, particularly in applications where the engine experiences changing loads. Understanding this function is critical for anyone involved in operating or maintaining small engines, as it directly affects engine efficiency and operation.